Actinobacillosis refers to a group of diseases caused by gramnegative coccobacilli in the genus actinobacillus. Diseases of swine, 11th edition pdf veterinary ebooks. This name became validly published when it appeared on validation list no. Actinobaculum schaalii is an emerging pathogen particularly involved in urinary tract infection of elderly people andor patient with urological risk factors of urinary tract infection. It is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic coccoid rod, considered a human pathogen. Actinobaculum suis and trueperella pyogenes flashcards by s b. Currently, four species within the genus have been described, actinobaculum suis, a. Actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic, nonmotile coccoid rod, classified as a new genus in 1997. Since then it has mainly been reported causing urinary tract infections uti in elderly individuals with underlying urological diseases.
The type strain of actinobaculum urinale is ccug 46093t. Its taxonomy was further modified in 1997 by lawson et al. Sow infection occurs through contact with a contaminated environment or through natural mating with carrier boars. Ruimy 1 department of bacteriology at nice academic hospital, 2 nice medical university, nicesophia antipolis university and 3 inserm u1065 c3m, bacterial.
The patient responded well to pyeloplasty in combination with antibiotic. To assess the in vitro susceptibility of actinobaculum schaalii to 12 antimicrobial agents as well as to dissect the genetic basis of. Routine urine samples were obtained from 177 hospitalized patients and 75 outpatients in viborg county, denmark, in 20082009. Lawson pa, falsen e, akervall e, vandamme p, collins md, characterization of some actinomyceslike isolates from human clin ical specimens.
Actinotignum formerly known as actinobaculum is a genus in the phylum actinobacteria. Actinobacillusspecies and their role in animal disease. Actinobaculum suis is an important agent related to urinary infection in swine females. Actinobaculum eubacterium suis, an organism that is restricted as a pathogen to pigs, causes sporadic outbreaks of peracute to chronic cystitis, ureteritis and pyelonephritis in sows, characterized clinically by the passage of turbid and bloodstained urine. The genome sequences of 1 varibaculum cambriense, 16 actinomyces, 4 actinobaculum, 2 mobiluncus, 1 a. Actinobaculum suis, the type species of the genus, is an established. Eubacterium suis and actinomyces suis 1, is the single species of the genus actinobaculum.
Urosepsis with actinobaculum schaalii and aerococcus urinae. Hosted by the usgs core science analytics and synthesis. Biohazard level, growth media and temperature, gram stain, industrial applications and more information for actinobaculum suis. Actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction. Now with full color images throughout, this comprehensive and authoritative resource has been redesigned for improved. Its importance has probably been underestimated and other actinobaculum spp. Actinobaculum massiliae, a new species causing chronic.
Sow infection occurs through contact with a contaminated environment or. Upon validation, this name was corrected from actinobaculum massiliae sic to actinobaculum massiliense. Actinomycetaceae are a family of bacteria including numerous parasitic and pathogenic forms. The authors proposed a reclassification of actinomyces suis as actinobaculum suis type species and further described a new species from five clinical isolates. The purpose of this study was to describe the morphology, investigate the pathogenesis, and evaluate the aetiological role of escherichia coli in pyelonephritis in slaughtered pigs by concurrent bacteriological, gross and histopathological examinations. Actinobaculum schaalii can cause urinary tract infections and septicemia but is difficult to identify by cultivation. Actinotignum schaalii formerly known as actinobaculum schaalii is a bacterium first isolated from human blood cultures.
Jun 17, 2003 reported here is the case of a 5year old boy with a pyeloureteral junction puj obstruction and pyelonephritis caused by actinobaculum schaalii, an actinomyceslike organism. Clinical and microbiological features of actinotignum. Actinobacillus suis acbsu 112272003 actinobacillus ureae acure 1839009 pasteurella ureae acure1 actinobaculum actisp 114043007 actinobaculum massiliense actimass 416353004 actinomadura actinsp 41571004 actinomadura latina actinlati 1402007 actinomadura madurae actinmadu 90285002 actinomadura pelletieri actinpell 65202006 actinomyces actsp. Actinobaculum schaalii is recognized as a facultative anaerobic uropathogen. Pyelonephritis caused by actinobaculum schaalii in a child. Actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic coccoid rod, classified as a new genus in 1997. Study actinobaculum suis and trueperella pyogenes flashcards from s bs class online, or in brainscapes iphone or android app. Actinobaculum images partners infectious disease images. Actinobaculum schaalii an emerging pediatric pathogen. Due to its fastidious growth characteristics, the isolation of this anaerobic bacterium is difficult, thus impairing the estimation of its prevalence. Clinical and microbiological features of actinotignum bacteremia.
Actinobaculum is a grampositive rod closely related to the genus actinomyces and was first described as a cause of human infection in 1997. Reported here is the case of a 5year old boy with a pyeloureteral junction puj obstruction and pyelonephritis caused by actinobaculum schaalii, an actinomyceslike organism. From danish abattoirs, kidneys and corresponding lymph. Diseases of swine, 11th edition diseases of swine has been the definitive reference on swine health and disease for over 60 years.
Schaalii, a german microbiologist specializing in actinomycete microbiology. Actinobaculum schaalii was first described as a causative agent for human infection in 1997. Due to its fastidious growth characteristics, the isolation of this anaerobic. The genus actinobaculum is part of the family actinomycetaceae, which also comprises the genera actinomyces, arcanobacterium, and mobiluncus. Overview of actinobacillosis generalized conditions merck. The purpose of this study was to develop and test a polymerase chain reaction pcr for the detection and identification of a. Actinobaculum massiliense, a grampositive anaerobic coccoid rod colonizing the human urinary tract, belongs to the taxonomic class of actinobacteria. Oct 26, 2011 actinobaculum schaalii is a grampositive, facultative anaerobic, nonmotile coccoid rod, classified as a new genus in 1997.
Providing a broad overview from a global perspective, this new volume is an important reference for. Actinobacillus ureae article about actinobacillus ureae by. Actinobaculum schaalii, a common uropathogen in elderly patients. These chronic lesions were similar to those of the well known actinomycosis, and both infections yielded small granules in the pus. At each rank, the taxa were delineated from each other solely on the basis of 16s rrna gene sequence phylogenetic clustering and taxonspecific 16s rrna signature nucleotides. This microorganism is a difficulttodiagnose pathogen and is rarely involved in systemic or deep infections.
Although there are 22 different bacterial species in this genus, only four a pleuropneumoniae, a suis, a equuli, and a lignieresii are frequently associated with disease in animals. An update of the structure and 16s rrna gene sequencebased. Gomez e, gustafson dr, rosenblatt je, patel r 2011. It is a gramnegative, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide nadindependent, nonmotile coccobacillus. Actinobaculum schaalii invasive pathogen or innocent.
Actinobaculum is a genus of grampositive nonsporulating rods in the family actinomycetaceae. Pdf actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain. Actinobaculum suis is a grampositive anaerobic rod bacterium involved in serious forms of urinary infection in gilt swine that result in hematuria, cystitis, and pyelonephritis, which can cause animal death. It grows slowly and therefore is easily overgrown by other pathogens, which are. Actinotignum schaalii formerly actinobaculum schaalii. Actinobaculum schaalii was first described in 1997 and named after klaus p. Actinobaculum schaalii, a common uropathogen in elderly. While every effort is made to ensure the accuracy of this information, please check current reference material prior. Isolation and identification is challenging and often needs molecular techniques. In vitro susceptibility of actinobaculum schaalii to 12. Pyelonephritis is a serious disease in pig production that needs to be further studied. The etiologic agent, actinobacillus suis, is only now being studied in detail. Actinobaculum schaalii, a new cause of knee prosthetic joint. The complex smear microbiota colonizing the surface of redsmear cheese fundamentally impacts the ripening process, appearance and shelf life of cheese.
Actinobaculum suis, initially described as eubacterium suis, was reclassified as actinomyces suis in 1992. Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans occurs in the human oral microflora, and together with anaerobic or capnophilic organisms may cause endocarditis and suppurative lesions in the upper alimentary tract. Actinobaculum schaalii is a small grampositive coccoid rod that requires co 2 for optimal growth. Pyelonephritis or any other urinary tract infection caused by actinobaculum schaalii has not been described in children before. Their disease onsets usually require predisposing factors such as inoculation into a normally sterile site through local trauma. This retrospective study comprises all known cases of a. Apr 09, 2012 actinobaculum schaalii is a small grampositive coccoid rod that requires co 2 for optimal growth. Actinobacilli are susceptible to most antibiotics of the. The species actinobaculum massiliense was originally described by greub and raoult 2002. Actinobaculum suis is a grampositive anaerobic rod bacterium involved in serious forms of urinary infection in gilt swine that result in. Endocarditis caused by actinobaculum schaalii, austria. Page designed through the cooperative efforts of interagency itis teams. Laboratory surveillance of uncommon pathogens causing.
Corynebacterium suis soltys and spratling 1957 atcc 33144 actinobaculum suis wegienek and reddy 1982 lawson et al. Actinobaculum suis detection using polymerase chain reaction article pdf available in the scientific world journal 20124. The higher ranks of the class actinobacteria were proposed and described in 1997. The authors proposed a reclassification of actinomyces suis as actinobaculum suis type species and further described a new species from five clinical isolates two blood cultures and three urine samples, actinobaculum schaalii. Antimicrobial resistance in bacteria of animal origin comprehensively examines the current research on antimicrobial resistance in the main veterinary and zoonotic pathogens, including resistance to disinfectants and metals used in agriculture. Phylogenomics and evolutionary dynamics of the family. Other anaerobes, such as actinobaculum suis, prevotella spp. The patient responded well to pyeloplasty in combination with antibiotic treatment. Characterization of some actinomyceslike isolates from human clinical specimens. To decipher the prokaryotic composition of the cheese smear microbiome, the surface of a semihard surface ripened cheese was studied postripening by culturebased and cultureindependent molecular approaches. Four species within the genus actinobaculum have been described. The cbs also harbored more common uropathogens, such as proteus mirabilis and aerococcus urinae, supporting the notion that a. Actinobaculum schaalii general information the following information is not yet verified be aware of infections due to a.
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